General information on antimicrobial resistance and commensals

• WHO- Antimicrobial Resistance
  Overview by the World Health Organization, touching on significance, causes and factors affecting antimicrobial resistance
• CDC Antibiotic Resistance Homepage
  Provides links to national initiatives to combat antibiotic resistance and educational campaigns to promote appropriate antibiotic use
• National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS)
  Contains links to recent NARMS publications, reports, references and frequently asked questions on antibiotic resistance and how is it transferred
• ActionBioScience
  A Web-based educational resource produced by the American Institute of Biological Sciences to raise scientific literacy. Among the topics the site covers are microbiology, microbial forensics, and antibiotic resistance
• Microbe World - Microbiology Current Topics - Antibiotic Resistance
  Offers a layperson’s general overview of the topic and alerts them to the issue of antibiotics in animals
• Todar’s Bacteriology Textbook
  A comprehensive on-line textbook offering an excellent overview of microbiology, including sections on normal flora, antimicrobial resistance and environmental bacteria

Bioinformatics resources

• NCBI - National Center for Biotechnology Information
  Source of several public databases, computational biology resources, software tools for analyzing genome data, and general biomedical information
• NCGR - National Center for Genome Resources
  NCGR's programs in Bioinformatics and Computational Systems Biology have produced a number of software tools that are freely available to the scientific community
• TIGR – The Institute for Genomic Research
  Non-profit center dedicated to deciphering and analyzing genomes and home of several databases on bacterial genomes
• Institut Pasteur Database Search
  Provides access to several Institut Pasteur databases, including phylogeny, sequence tools, protein, DNA, and RNA analysis
• Sanger Centre
  Comprehensive website dedicated to large scale sequencing and analysis, including pathogenic and commensal bacteria

Molecular typing networks

• CDC-PulseNet
  A network of participants from local and state health departments, engaged in real-time submission of PFGE molecular typing data to CDC and nationwide, allowing for rapid comparison of patterns
• MLST of Pathogenic Escherichia coli
  Maintained by the Pennsylvania State University, utilizing housekeeping genes spaced around the E. coli chromosome for nucleotide sequencing
• PubMLST
  This site hosts publicly accessible Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) databases and software
• MLST
  Hosts typing data for numerous commensal and pathogenic bacterial species
• STEC Center
  Collection of well characterized strains and on-line databases to facilitate research on
  shiga-toxin producing E. coli
• EcMLST
  A MLST database system for pathogenic E. coli
• ENEMTI - ESF Network for Exchange of Microbial Typing Information
  ENEMTI is a network of European laboratories that aims to standardize methods and data exchange protocols for Internet-based comparison of microbial fingerprinting data
• ESGEM - ESCMID Study Groups
  ESCMID (European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases) supports several study groups on antimicrobial resistance in anaerobes and antimicrobial resistance surveillance
• ARPAC - Antibiotic Resistance Prevention and Control
  Source of typing databases for Acinetobacter baumannii and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
• GENE - Genetic Epidemiology Network for Europe
  The Gene project aims at establishing a common language for bacterial strain fingerprinting, based on a fully-automated technology, ribotyping, used by many microbiology institutions throughout the world.  Also is home of RiboBank, a platform for global comparison of bacterial fingerprints